Getting Started, Doing Your Own Maintenance

gettingstarted.htm

© Copyright, 2011, R. Fleischer

There are many reasons to do your own, or some, 'wrenching'.  Just a few of these are:

1.  Makes you feel good...ego, etc.
2.  A quiet, peaceful time for yourself (when not practicing your swearing and other epithets).
3.  You may save LOTS of $$.
4.  You will know the motorcycle better, and hence feel better when out and about in case of 'trouble', whether
     perceived, or real.
5.  You will avoid poorly done dealer work by knowing what is good work, proper work, right type of work,
     proper pricing for such work, and you will know about the consequences of poor or bad work.
6.  SAFETY you can count on, in-so-far as mechanicals are concerned.
7.  Learn new skills, that may well be useful in other areas of your life.
8.  You will begin to covet tools, and your workshop area MIGHT take on a more professional look.
9.
 To know when to go to an expert, or perhaps to a favorite BMW shop, is part of being a mature
    person.    You will know when to farm out jobs...and to whom....for those things you decide you are not yet
    qualified to do.  This website contains names of recommended airhead-servicing folks.   There are some
    people in that business whom I do NOT recommend.   Fearing lawyers and liability, I have not, so far, listed
    them in this public forum, but I will be happy to give you my analysis and recommendations, via e-mail;
    contents of which are to remain private, between you, and me.
10.  Your fear of the unknown will diminish; you will become less shy, you will want to ask questions on the
      AIRHEADS LIST, and the answers will sometimes educate you on technical details; and, sometimes,
      re-affirm that you ARE gaining knowledge.

I hardly know everything about airheads, and I have been at this for a long time.  
I am not being modest in saying that, it is the plain truth. 

Sometimes...rarely though....contrary opinions on some topic are expressed by so-called 'guru's' on the Airheads
internet mailing LIST, or elsewhere's.    If you are trying to decide who is correct, or most correct, politely ask for someone's
reasoning behind their statements, explaining your confusion with the differing opinions.  You should not question their
competence, nor try to make them 'prove' their opinions; but, if they are secure in their reasons, that should be made clear to you.   
Once in awhile, such questioning might result in a terse or testy reply.   We don't always have perfect days ourselves you know!

Probably if all of us agree on something, one might take that as gospel....of some sort or other!  Sometimes we so-called
Guru's (I humbly put myself in the class of some sort of expert here) disagree, and sometimes we have off-LIST discussions
between ourselves.  Sometimes we disagree and we never discuss it.   .....Professional courtesy!
(I am presently laughing!.... I've had some real arguments at rare intervals about things posted.. Most of the time this is
carried OFF such as the Airheads LIST)

SOME people get a LOT of pleasure by tinkering with things mechanical. Some get a lot of pleasure making sure that no
speck of dust will be anyplace on that pristine showpiece....(and might even ride it now and then). I know of a few folks who
will pay a trusted mechanic to do all the maintenance on their airheads.   I actually know one person who does not
even do his own cleaning and waxing.    Takes all types. 

For those who want to learn, even if they are totally ham-fisted and tend to break things (especially if they have convinced
themselves that they ARE inherently, genetically, that way, and hence have not previously TRIED (with instruction, perhaps, to be otherwise) 
 .....we can teach them if they want to learn.  Sometimes the transformation is very interesting to behold.....and they become
do-it-yourself addicts.....sort of like getting, suddenly, '''religion'''.

For ME, the best part is seeing the light turn on in someone's head at a TechDay; or, maybe on the TechLIST (Airheads LIST);.....and, watching
that person do a competent job, and understand what he/she is doing.....why....how....etc.    Don't let that "she" throw you.  MANY a woman has
become a competent wrench.....and, guys, I am sorry to have to tell you this, but the gals tend to follow instructions!

Snowbum says:  Die knowing something, you are not here long.  He also says Docimus Discimus (We learn by teaching).

[Come to think of it, Snowbum (that's MEEE)....has also said, "We are here to help others'...(so...what are
THEY here for?)"....and, of course....one of my favorite sayings:  "Nothing is foolproof to a sufficiently talented fool".]

Whether you are a total beginner with few wrenching skills; or, a seasoned airhead do-it-yourselfer, but probably
not a fully-qualified wrench, well below are some ideas from me about jobs you CAN do.    I have to make certain
assumptions here, so you should know what those are:
   You should at least have a reasonable feel for
how much force you can turn a screw into metal or fiberglass, before something breaks.  If not, approach
things with extra caution.
  You should have at least the tool kit that came with the motorcycle....and you have
reviewed this article:   tools.htm

I will also assume you have the basic idea of eventually, sooner than later, obtaining some literature, such as
the owner's manual, and possibly Clymers or Haynes or both (keeping in mind they contain errors), have some
space to work on things, maybe even a workbench in a garage, and are willing to learn without being too shy
about it.  You are willing to admit you don't know it all.  It might be helpful if you are not the type that forms strong
spoken or otherwise communicated messages, on something you inwardly know you can't back up.

Note that the factory service manuals are NOT all that helpful for beginners to even fairly-seasoned BMW airhead 'Wrench's...
due to these manuals ASSUMING that you have been to the factory schools.
  On the other hand, the older airhead owner's
booklets, as opposed to the much later ones, is full of useful information.  Be sure to get an owner's booklet.

There are a number of good sources for information on the Internet.  The website you are on, http://bmwmotorcycletech.info
is only one of these.  
The following will be useful:
http://www.airheads.org   Go to the left side and click on TECHNICAL TIPS.  There are numerous pages of information.
Some I even wrote.

For parts information, if you want to identify a part by number or description, and maybe the price:
http://www.ascycles.com/illustrated_parts_catalog_main.aspx
http://www.realoem.com/bmw
http://www.maxbmwmotorcycles.com/fiche/fiche.asp
Each of the above 3 dealer sources uses a different format, and method, and sometimes one has to use all three!

This is a very knowledgeable independent West Coast BMW shop....which you may want to use not only for repair work...but
for parts and information on parts, information on what you want to do, etc:
  www.beemershop.com
Ted Porter owns this shop; and does much, if not all, the Airhead work here.   Highly recommended.

Airhead Master Guru, who will answer questions directly:  AskOak@aol.com
Oak writes a technical article, published in the monthly Airheads Beemer Club magazine called AIRMAIL.   
See
joinclub.htm for information on joining the Club.

http://w6rec.com/
Duane Ausherman's website.  LOTS of BMW information here, particularly /5 and prior models.  Duane's website has
expanded considerably over the years.   A lot of useful information!!  This is also the home to Randy Glass' major
illustrated article on /5 and later front fork alignment.    Duane quite often has a 'different' way of looking at things.

http://www.bmbikes.co.uk/
This is Phil Hawksley's website.....lots of information there.  
 

http://largiader.com
Website of Anton Largiader.  Lots of GOOD stuff.  Very trustworthy information, and a nice website! 
I recommend Anton's site.  You can also use: http://www.largiader.com/tech/

http://www.beemergarage.com/bulletin.html
Has factory bulletins for the pre-/5 bikes.
http://www.beemergarage.com/literature.html  This URL has a LOT of literature, all sorts of
things, definitely worth a long look-see.  This one is NOT just for the pre-/5.

http://members.aol.com/vechbmw/index.html
That is Craig Vechorik's website for pre-/5 bikes.   Good stuff and information.  "Vetch" stocks a tremendous
amount of parts for the really old BMW's....and quite a few for the later bikes, including manuals and other literature.  
Well worth your time to browse this site.


For help on PRE-1970 BMW motorcycles:  http://groups.yahoo.com/group/vintagebmwmotorcycles

 

There are also model-specific web groups.  Some are good, some are not.   I list a number of them on my URL page, and
that IS a hyperlink to that page in this website.   Keep in mind that the information on the Airheads LIST is THE PRIME SOURCE.

 


MY RECOMMENDATIONS:
Note:  The list and placement that follows is hardly to be taken as any absolute. 

FIRST!....start by joining the Airheads Club, and receive the monthly magazine, AIRMAIL.   The magazine has a calendar for TechDays, outings, etc.  Be SURE to attend a TechDay or two, right away; and maybe have one at YOUR house.  Don't put off joining the Club, and definitely do not put off attending some TechDays.  You WILL be glad you DID!   Bring your Airhead to a TechDay, and maybe you will have someone 'help you' to fix some problem you have.  You will LEARN!

1.  For absolute beginners to slightly advanced beginners:
    a.  Washing, cleaning, waxing, re-oiling and/or re-greasing levers, cleaning electrical connections, basic soldering (there
        ARE things to learn about how to do it correctly) and mechanical attachments of electrical wires.   Checking battery
        levels, oil levels, tire pressures, looking about for obvious developing problems.   Quite a few folks have poor ideas
        about how to properly maintain paintwork, rubberwork, plastics.   Some overfill.....or do not even look...at batteries.  
        Some overtighten drain and fill plugs.  You want to avoid stripping things by NOT over-tightening them.  
        LOTS of things to learn in this basic area.  What wax? what cleaners? how to work with wiring, how to do any of these things.
         YES, there are little things, tricks, hints, whatever, to everything.   ASK questions!  We all started someplace, right?  
    b.  Changing oils (and filter on /5/6 era, with the internal single bolt cap).   You own a torque wrench, and know how
        to use it.  If your bike has an oil cooler (or, you have the type of oil filter canister outer cover of the late type
        (no internal metal cap cover with the single bolt), you will be smart enough to read the article on this website
        detailing the potential problem areas, ETC.    Oil.htm
    c.  Change tires, tubes, wheel seals, clean and lubricate wheel bearings (you are not quite competent to do
        shimming on pre-1985).
    d.  Learn more about the technical side of your bike by reading literature and websites and LIST traffic....and
        participating in that traffic.
    e.  Obtain a cheap test light and learn what it can do.   Consider purchasing of an inexpensive digital volt-ohm-ammeter,
        and then learning about it. 
        Read the basic electricity article on this website:  boxerelectrics.htm
    f.  Change lamps (including in the instruments...without damaging the printed flexible material).
    g.  Change alternator brushes and service electrical contacts and connections.  You are hesitant...but you do it, use the
        correct tools, and have a happy 'done it right' smile.
    h.  Remove and replace points, adjust points gaps, adjust timing, adjust valves, torque head nuts with torque
        wrench, synchronize carburetors by the shorting or gauges method.  You are a bit hesitant, but listen, read, and
        then do it competently...and the bike runs fine afterwards, and you did not ruin anything (like screw or bolt threads).
    i.   Willing to spent time reading technical articles on http://www.airheads.org and THIS site, whether you fully
        understand them or not, with the idea of getting over-all flavor, feel, and absorbing some information; even
        if you do not understand it all.
    j.  Properly take apart the throttle grip drive and clean and lubricate it and get it back together.
    k.  You understand the 4 stroke cycle engine operation, at least in basics.  You could find top dead center
        (OT mark) on the compression stroke for either cylinder and know you did this correctly, after all, you
        did it when adjusting the valves.  
    l.  You are beginning to participate in technical discussions, as you are understanding things more clearly now,
        you now have some ideas on WHAT to ask, and may even be able to assist novices.
    m.  You are planning to attend your first major BMW Rally.  You have also planned to attend a nearby
          TechDay...and do so, but are probably a bit quiet and unassuming there.   You MAY, however, be
          planning or even now holding a TechDay at YOUR home.
    n.   You are thinking about attending a BMW MOA National Rally.   You've already attended numerous Airhead's events.

2.  Into the low-middle-group:
    a.  Basic trouble shooting for slightly more complex electrical problems.  Willing to at least read some additional
        information on electricity and the workings of such in your Airhead.   You are only partly freaked-out by electricals.
    b.  Changing the oil filter on bikes after the /5/6 era (no internal single bolt cap) (and including cooler equipped bikes)
          hardly is anything much to you anymore.   You have read and understanding the $2000 O-ring articles.  You've read,
          and understood some, if not most, of Oil.htm, and you have also been reading more articles on this website,
          and your understanding is going up up up.
    c.   You feel up to following instructions on changing a RT or RS windshield.
    d.   You think you can follow instructions and clean and lube the steering head bearings, swing arm bearings,
           MAYBE the Paralever bearings after removing the Paralever driveshaft.
    e.   You can follow instructions and advice, often without major questions.  You are beginning to figure things out
           yourself; understand articles fully.
    f.    You can competently repair a bad thread of the simple type; and, of course, use a drill guide and tapping guide...but
           are hesitant about a pulled cylinder stud thread; but willing to tackle that, if there are complete step-by-step
           instructions available.
    g.   You can clean and lubricate the transmission input splines (often called clutch splines).
    h.    You can discuss quite a few technical items on your bike, with more knowledgeable folks, and feel confident
            in your remarks.
    i.    You attend Rallies, TechDays, and feel comfortable.  You have or are about to host a TechDay yourself.
    j.   You are getting VERY good, indeed, about synchronizing carburetors.

3.  Well into the middle group:
    a.  Change left side rear drive large seal on any model or year of Airhead.
    b.  Repair a pulled cylinder stud, and would certainly be using a custom made tool guide for this job.
    c.  The idea of removing a cylinder and replacing it, changing a pushrod tube rubber and even piston removal is
         not freaking you out.
    d.  Capable and willing to do wheel bearing service including shimming.  In fact you WANT to do this job
         YOURSELF, and you have had the proper tools made up to do it in a professional manner.   You KNOW
         you do it better than most shops.
    e.  Capable of more serious electrical troubleshooting.   Understand how diodes, relays, resistors, etc., operate. 
         Capable of properly using a volt-ohm-current meter.  You think you MIGHT know more than the
         average moto-mechanic in this area.
    f.  Steering head maintenance, whether cleaning and lubrication, or changing a bearing, is not frightening, not of
        any real concern at all.  You saw this done at a TechDay, you've already probably done some cleaning and
        greasing and even have replaced a set of steering bearings, and was astonished at how much simpler it was than
        you had imagined.   You are beginning to get the gut-feeling that you MIGHT JUST turn into a competent mechanic;
        after all, look at what you have already done.  
    g.  Not much intimidated about anything, such as changing a rear drive input seal or fixing a drain plug thread at
        the rear drive...or most any damaged threads....after all, you've done it, or can read and understand, so,
        why be intimidated.
    h.  Some of your airhead friends are asking your advice rather regularly.
    i.   A yearly TechDay at your place is established.  If not feasible for some reason, YOU attend one, regularly, and HELP OUT.
    j.   You analyze symptoms presented by other riders about their Airheads, quite competently a fair amount of the time.  
    k.  You are competent to overhaul a Bing CV carb, top to bottom, and to analyzing tuning of same.
    l.   You are providing interesting answers, not just interesting questions, on the Airheads LIST.
    m.  You contribute your first story to AIRMAIL, and your first technical tips article to Airheads.org
    n.   You goofed, and you figured out on your own that you mistakenly installed a flywheel in the wrong position. 
          But, you are also the type that will no longer do things half-assedly, no! you will NOT remark the flywheel. 
         You grit your teeth, chalk it up to a learning experience, and remove the transmission and clutch again and redo
          the flywheel mounting assembly.  You remembered to install the crankshaft blocking tool first, and you
          remembered to not forget the clutch marks you made the first time around.  You find this all a bit amusing,
          1 or 2 years later, when you relate this story around a campfire. 


4.  Moderately advanced:
    a.  Capable of analyzing ANY electrical faults on your own; the electrical system is not at all intimidating.
    b.  Change a crankshaft main seal and oil pump seal after removing transmission and clutch (this might be in
         the prior group).  Replacing clutch parts are not daunting.   You are, more and more thinking: "I CAN do this!".
    c.  Change a timing chain, crank sprocket, seals, etc... by following instructions and asking questions.  The process
         is freaking you a bit, this is REALLY getting into the engine....but you follow directions, and do a good job,
         with only minor problems.
    d.  Feel competent to make suspension modifications, such as to front fork innards, rear shocks...because you
         UNDERSTAND what the effects REALLY are of such changes.  
    e.  You have a pretty fair feeling for materials and can be faced with something totally new, nothing you have
          seen before, heard about before, or dealt with in any fashion before, and not be overwhelmed.   You are
          getting quite good at finding information you need.
    f.  You are competent to quickly know if a BMW shop is doing good work or not, understands Airheads, or not.
    g.  You are being asked technical questions rather regularly. You remember obscure details, and you usually know
        you can give good answers most of the time, and are hesitant to say anything if you do not know the answer to a
        question, and may well refer to someone with more knowledge.   You are pretty sure, if you have not done it
        already, that you could get Ed Korn's video, and overhaul your transmission, but you are a bit hesitant, knowing
        that folks like OAK and Ted Porter and Tom Cutter have years of experience at transmissions and doing
        rear drives, and think that these folks will know all the tricks and finer details and have the factory tools; so you won't
        likely do your transmission yourself; but are very interested in watching a Guru overhaul one.  You have the same
        feeling about valves/head work; and don't have the tools for that anyway.
    h.  You attend major BMW rallies, and are thinking about volunteering for technical seminars, as a helper for the
        main speaker, on a specific topic that you happen to be very interested in.
    i.   You not only have your own TechDays, but you help out at others'.   
    j.   You can sometimes, with no effort, analyze other folks bikes that have problems that stumped some people.
    k.  You contribute articles when you have time, and a good subject, to the Airheads.org website and to AIRMAIL.
    l.    You are absorbing technical tidbits on servicing such as Oilheads and K bikes.  You can discuss the riding
          differences, feel, handling, power, etc.........because you have test ridden them at a BMW MOA National.


5.  Advanced:
      You feel you can do any job on an airhead if you REALLY want to, even though you are a bit hesitant.  Still, you DO
       feel you could do ANY job....but you still MIGHT shy SOMEWHAT from the following:  Transmission overhaul; rear drive
       shimming; crankshaft and camshaft removal and re-shimming and crankshaft bearing clearances, differences at the
       main bearing shell.   You are curious enough to want to watch a master wrench do those jobs, because you want to learn
       all the tricks and you want to do it yourself someday.   You have a short list of the better shops, all in your head, and MIGHT have
       even considered working for one, perhaps part-time.   You understand how to degree out a camshaft, and understand the
       process for any make or type of engine.   You feel competent to analyze worn parts on your own and determine if they need
       repair or replacement.  Some of your Airhead friends feel a bit intimidated about asking 'stupid' questions of you; since you
       ARE A REAL expert, and are looked-up-to.  You are not overly hesitant in answering, if asked, as you know MOST of
       what there is to know about the common maintenance items.  You receive your 100K badge.  You feel competent to do some
       technical seminars on your own.  You are constantly asked about technical things at TechDays, and otherwise.  You have
       read every article, in depth on this website, the .org website, Duane's website, Anton's website, and every other airhead-concerned
       website.  You are even interested in how other models and makes of engines are designed and serviced.   You are even
       absorbing quite technical tidbits on servicing such as Oilheads and K bikes.

6.  Well advanced:
    You can do ANY job on an airhead.....well, if you had a machine shop and every needed special tool you could.  You still might
     shy away from some things, letting a specialist do them; after all, you don't have certain machine shop equipment; but if you did
     have access, you could surely do the job.  You are passing on your hard-learned knowledge to others.  

     You have developed a fine feel for engineering, materials, designs, etc., and understand quite a bit about what the factory was up
      to in its designs.   You 'preside' as honored guest, over TechDays, and are doing Technical Seminars.    You might think about
     becoming a BMW MOA Ambassador, and maybe an Airmarshall for the Airheads Club.   In fact, you may be thinking about the
     later even before you reach moderately advanced...!

 

    After being in this Well-Advanced position for quite some years, you are finding that you don't always have as much fun wrenching,
    as you did quite some time ago. You would rather ride than wrench, yet seem not to find as much riding time.    You meticulously
     restore and prepare an older classic model that requires extensive work, right down to removing the crankshaft; overhauling the
     transmission, etc.   Folks are always coming up to you with questions, as you have kept yourself approachable.  Some tend to
    gather at your feet, awaiting pearls of wisdom....and this might embarrass you at times.   You are more interested in Teaching. 
    You wonder about how YOU would run a BMW dealership.  You certainly know lots of Wrenches, lots of dealerships, and
    surely know who is good, who is mediocre, and who should never touch an Airhead. 

    You own a number of airheads, representing the pre-/5 to the end of production. You might have a small barn full of old parts,
    old bikes, and strange bikes.   You can talk about off-the-wall bikes you have owned and wrenched on.   You can talk about
    almost anything motorcycle, mechanical, or electrical related.  You have burn and skid and other marks and remnants of fun and
    games on various body places.  

7.   Someplace or other in the above 1 to 6 sections, some in one section, some in another section, you fit in with these things:
    You have learned to ride adequately in soft dirt (if you were previously only a street rider).  In fact, you LIKE dirt riding.  
    You no longer have semi-permanent blackened fingers.   You worry about your own kids who are drooling at the idea of
    riding those dangerous motorcycles, just like you did.  You FINALLY figured out that sidecars are fun too, but you prefer a
    solo bike, carving a canyon by yourself, lost in your own thoughts and memories.  You probably ride your own bike, and your
    spouse, whether male or female, is FINE with YOU doing the piloting, and them on the saddle behind you.
    You might put together a sidecar rig, so you can ride on snow next Winter, and carry the spouse and kid or two or family dog. 
    You are looking forward to your 400K mileage badge.   You know you are looked up to, yet don't take advantage of that
    position.   You sometimes get very grouchy and have a short temper with incompetent wrenchers....and then you remember
    how things were years ago.....and you shut up.

 

DocendoDiscimus
(that means We Learn By Teaching)
 

Revisions:
06/02/2009:   update by adding many URL's
12/26/2009:  Revise
06/07/2011:  Revise and clean up.

© Copyright, 2011, R. Fleischer

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